COMPUTER  INFORMATION  PART

MONITER

A monitor looks like a television screen. The CPU uses the monitor to show us photos, movies, games, andother activities. The mouse pointer can be seen on the monitor. Often, whatever we type using the keyboard, can be seen on the monitor.
CPU


CPU (Central Processing Unit) is the most important part of a computer. It does all the tasks that we want the computer to do.It controls all the other parts, such as the Monitor, Keyboard and Mouse.These parts have to be connected to the CPU, for them to work.
KEYBOARDA keyboard is used to write on the computer.We can also use a keyboard to give instructions to the computer. The buttons on the keyboard are called ‘keys‛. The keys on which we see:alphabets A – Z, are called alphabet keys.numbers 0 – 9, are called number keys.  keys. keys with words like Enter, Backspace are called special keys.While typing, use the: Space bar - to leave some space between  alphabets or numbers.This is usually the longest key in the bottom row and has nothing written on it.Backspace key - to erase. This is usually the last key in the number row.Enter key - to move to the next line. This is found at the end of the middle row of alphabets.MOUSEA mouse is used to select an item shown on themonitor. The mouse usually has two buttonsand a small wheel between the buttons.To select an item, we first point to the item and then click the left button.To start an activity, we double click the left button.To control an activity, we click the right button.To move up and down a page, we use the wheel or scroll button.RAMAlternatively referred to as main memory,  primary memory, or system memory,Random Access Memory (RAM) is a computer storage location that allows information to be stored and accessedquickly from random locations withinDRAM on a memory module. Becauseinformation is accessed randomly instead of sequentially like a CD or hard drive the computer is able to access the data much faster than it would if it was only reading the hard drive. However, unlike ROM and the hard drive RAM is a volatile memory and requires power in order to keep the data accessible, if power is lost all data contained in memory lost. As the the computer loads parts of the operating system and drivers are  loaded into memory, which allows the CPU to process the instructions much faster and your computer to load faster. After the operating system has loaded, each program you opensuch as the browser you're using to view this page is loaded into memory while it is running. If too many programs areopen the computer will swap the data in the memory between the RAM and the hard disk drive.Over the evolution of computers there has been several different variations of RAM used in computer.Some of the more common examples are DIMM, RIMM, SIMM, SO-DIMM, and SOO-RIMM. Below is an example image of a 512MB DIMM computer memory module and what the typical desktop computer memory card will look like. This memory module would be installed into memory slots on the motherboard.ROMA ROM image, or ROM file, is a computer file which contains a copy of the data from a read-only memory chip, often from avideo game cartridge, a computer's firmware, or from an arcade game's main board. The term is frequently used in the context of emulation, whereby older games or computer firmware are copied to ROM files on modern computers and can, using a piece of software known as an emulator, be run on a computer.HARD DRIVEThe click of death normally happens when the hard drive heads cannot tell where the tracks required are on the platter(s).This causes the heads to keep moving until the actuator arm that holds the heads hit a physical stop. The click of death sound that you hear is the sound made when the actuator arm hits the stop. The stop is there to stop the reader heads from leaving the platter(s).This can happen on both desktops and laptop drivesVery often hard drive clicking sounds are directly related to power supply problems. This can be because of a faulty power supply or a power supply that is overloaded.SCANNERModern scanners typically use a charge-coupled device (CCD) or a Contact Image Sensor (CIS) as the image sensor, whereas older drum scanners use a photomultiplier tube as the image sensor. A rotary scanner, used for high-speed document scanning, is another type of drum scanner, using a CD array instead of a photomultiplier. Other types of scanners are planetary scanners, which take photographs of books and documents, and 3D scanners, for producing three-dimensional models of objects.Another category of scanner is digital camera scanners, which are based on the concept of reprographic cameras. Due to increasing resolution and new features such as anti-shake, digital cameras have become an attractive alternative to regular scanners. While still having disadvantages compared to traditional scanners (such as distortion, reflections, shadows, low contrast), digital cameras offer advantages such as speed, portability and gentle digitizing of thick documents without damaging the book spine. New scanning technologies are combining 3D scanners with digital cameras to create full-color, photo-realistic 3D models of objects.^{[citation needed]}In the biomedical research area, detection devices for DNA microarrays are called scanners as well. These scanners are high-resolution systems (up to 1 µm/ pixel), similar to microscopes. The detection is done via CCD or a photomultiplier tube (PMT).CD DRIVE If you're new to the DIY scene, you might not even recognize the name Plextor, a company who carved out a following by offering best-in-class optical drives. But as prices for CD/DVD burners have hit rock bottom in recent years, the high end optical maker has, for the most part, slinked into the shadows. Now the company is making a comeback. "Plextor continues to strengthen its position in the optical storage market with the addition of these new drives to its already robust line of products," said Bob Gronski, vice president of sales and marketing for Plextor. “Now more than ever, people are going out less and taking advantage of home entertainment more, so it’s a perfect time for us to introduce such an extensive line of products." Plextor gets back into the optical game with several new drives covering a variety of connection options, including USB, SATA, and even PATA. Models include the PX-610U 8X Slim External USB Super Multi Drive, PX-B310SA (6X internal SATA), PX-B310Q (6x external USB), PX-850SA (22x internal SATA), and PX-850A (22x internal PATA). Minus the Mac version of the PX-610U, each of the new drives ships with Plextor's PlexUTILITIES, which gives end users the ability to control specific drive functions, view drive information, and includes a utility to destroy data on CD and DVD media.

Video Camera 
The Video Security Camera Services provides the necessary infrastructure to support the campus video surveillance system. This system enables University Police and individual departments to monitor and record video images of UB's indoor and outdoor premises.The Video Security Camera Service was originally developed for the University Police Department (UPD) to enhance campus security as part of the NYPA project. A separate instance of the infrastructure is available for departmental use. The department-level service is not monitored by UPD, although UPD may require that they have access to all cameras in case of an emergency.Need more information?For more information on the Video Security Camera Service offering please submit a consult request.Roles and ResponsibilitiesThe support of the video security infrastructure is a joint responsibility for CIT (EIS & NCS), University Police (where applicable) and the tenant department hosted on the departmental instance of this infrastructure.  Installations usually involve a System Integrator to install and configure cameras.Tenant Responsibilities.

• Paying for the cost of the camera equipment purchase, installation, integration and, subsequent maintenance for the equipment.

• Hiring the system integrator in consultation with CIT/EIS.

• Determining the appropriate placement of their cameras.

• Working with UB Facilities to ensure that installation adheres to approved standards.

• Requesting installation of network cabling and connections, and coordinating with the installation vendors.

• Regular inspection (testing) of camera functionality to ensure proper operation.

• Reporting failures to the appropriate parties.

• Monitoring the video images and taking any desired actions based on what is observed.

• Providing a “Data Custodian” (person) who determines the appropriate use of the department’s video data.

• Renewing the support contract for their departmental cameras.

CIT/EIS Responsibilities

• System administration of the central servers which include routine patching and backup of the servers.

• Periodic upgrades of server software and hardware.

• Providing cost estimates for server and storage for adding cameras to the existing infrastructure for any UB affiliated department that would like to use this service.

CIT/NCS Responsibilities

• Consult for network connection needs for new installations.

• Provide estimates for network needs for new installation requests.

• Support and maintain the current network connections for the existing cameras

• Manage the support contract for the CIT provided camera service for the UPD environment.

UPD Responsibilities (when applicable)

• Determining the appropriate placement of their cameras.

• Working with UB Facilities to ensure that installation adheres to approved standards.

• Requesting installation of network cabling and connections, and coordinating with the installation vendors.

• Regular inspection (testing) of camera functionality to ensure proper operation.

• Reporting failures to the appropriate parties.

• Monitoring the video images and taking any desired actions based on what is observed.

• Providing a “Data Custodian” (person) who determines the appropriate use of the department’s video data.

System Integrator Responsibilities (when applicable)

• Installing and configuring the cameras

• Testing the operation of the cameras post install

• Providing an inventory of the cameras installed and the configuration of each camera.

Summary of Costs

• Adding a camera  to the system $418.32

• Adding a network port for the camera(s) $243.08/port

• Camera installation and integration charges will vary with each installation.

• The above costs are provided as a ball park estimate based on a standard configuration. Cost for each installation will have to be estimated per the requirement of the installation.

In computing, an image scanner—often abbreviated to just scanner—is a device that optically scans images, printed text, handwriting, or an object, and converts it to a digital image. Common examples found in offices are variations of the desktop (or flatbed) scanner where the document is placed on a glass window for scanning. Hand-held scanners, where the device is moved by hand, have evolved from text scanning "wands" to 3D scanners used for industrial design, reverse engineering, test and measurement, orthotics, gaming and other applications. Mechanically driven scanners that move the document are typically used for large-format documents, where a flatbed design would be impractical.